Leprosy :: essays research papers

Sickness Sickness or Hansen’s ailment, is an interminable, irresistible illness that predominantly influences the skin, mucous layers, and nerves. A bar formed bacillus named Mycobacterium leprea, causes the infection. Mycobacterium leprea is very like the bacillus that causes tuberculosis. The explanation Leprosy is moreover known as Hansen’s illness, is on the grounds that it was first recognized in 1874 by a Norwegian doctor named Gerhard Henrik Armeur Hansen. Sickness shows up in both the Old and New Testaments. In the holy book Leprosy was not the malady that is perceived now, however as different states of being that were not at all like the illness. A discipline from God was what these conditions were viewed as. The casualty was supposed to be in a condition of contamination. This Hebrew expression was deciphered as lepros, which the word sickness originated from.      The disease’s plausible root was the Indus Valley that is situated in India. Disease spread from that point to the Mediterranean district and North Africa, at that point all of Europe was influenced. This malady is significantly less normal now, as the world case check has dipped under 1 million. During 1995 around 530 000 new instances of infection were found. Clearly underdeveloped nations have way more cases as India, Indonesia, and Myanmar represent practically 70% of the cases detailed on the planet. 5500 know instances of Leprosy despite everything exist in the US, furthermore, around 200 cases a detailed every year.      Tests to deliver infection in trial creatures, have not been effective starting at yet. In spite of the fact that the living being can be developed in Armadillos, a few labs have been accounted for developing infection in the test tube.      Loss of sensation in a fix of skin is regularly the main indication that Uncleanliness shows. In the lepromatous structure, huge area’s of the skin may turn into penetrated. The mucous layers of the nose, mouth, and throat might be attacked by huge quantities of the living being. Due to harm to the nerves, muscles may become incapacitated. The loss of vibe that goes with the devastation of nerves may bring about unnoticed wounds. These may bring about optional diseases, the supplanting of solid tissue with scar tissue, and the pulverization of bone. The great distortions of Leprosy, for example, loss of furthest points from bone harm or the purported leoline facies, a lionlike appearance with thick nodulous skin, are indications of cutting edge illness, presently

The current internationalisation policy with respect to global Essay

The present internationalization approach regarding worldwide system speculations - Essay Example This article talks about that Marks and Spencer began its activity, thinking back to the nineteenth century with a slow down on Kirkgate advertise in Leeds. The organization focused on customers with better than expected salary and gave top notch pieces of clothing. The organization additionally sells extravagance food things. It was the main retailer in Britain to accomplish 1 Billion pound pre charge pay. The organization works in various nations today yet its piece of the overall industry isn't as it was previously. The company’s internationalization process bombed definitely which caused the organization to lose its customers. The worldwide activities of Marks and Spencer were contributing a negligible 1.25% to the pre charge pay of the entire firm by 2000. This shows how Marks and Spencer flopped definitely in going worldwide. Imprints and Spencer began its conventional internationalization through securing in Canada in1973. Along these lines Marks and Spencer was not new to internationalization in 2000 but rather still the organization did this awful. Global deals comprised of 25% of company’s retail floor yet at the same time its commitment to organization benefits was irrelevant. This is away from of the disappointment of disguise of the organization. The organization utilized various methods of passage going from securing to diversifying. For the most part Marks and Spencer endeavored to build up its own stores abroad through obtaining however diversifying was additionally utilized in nations with less populace. The strategy of controlling everything all alone is profoundly engrained in the way of life of the organization as chiefs typically prefer to accomplish something without anyone else. This is the reason procurement were for the most part favored for both food items and apparel line while diversifying was utilized when market was too little to even think about starting tasks legitimately. The principle issue of the organization was its severe bureaucratic culture. This culture blocked the progression of imaginative thoughts inside the organization as senior administration was not keen on more up to date thoughts (Case Study Marks and Spencer, 2011). This is the thing that prompted the defeat of the organization both in the universal field and in UK. The organization needed to develop however its development procedure depended on customary attitude of obtaining. They figured they could keep on developing like previously in the event that they endured utilizing their regular old business system yet at the same time they disregarded rivalry and changing business condition. Research proposes that bureaucratic culture brings down advancement and execution of firms (Homburg and Pflesser, 2000). This is one reason why internationalization turned sour for Marks and Spencer. There was likewise absence of vision when it came to internationalization inside the organization. They concentrated a lot on day by day exercise s without considering the drawn out bearing the organization should take (Case Study Marks and Spencer, 2011). This additionally adversy affected the worldwide presentation of the organization since it

100 Must-Read Works of Genre-Bending Nonfiction

100 Must-Read Works of Genre-Bending Nonfiction My favorite kind of book is the kind that is hard to describe. The kind that makes booksellers struggle to decide where it should be shelved. Is it memoir or science? Philosophy or essay? Biography or criticism? Current events or autobiography? I dont have to make the bookstore shelving decision myself, not being a bookseller, but I do often have a hard time deciding where to browse in stores. My favorite books are those that hide out in Womens Studies but could also go with Essays, or are in the Nature section but could also fit in Philosophy. Hence this list. Each of these books combines two or more genres or bends the rules or better yet the rules of an already-established form. I considered trying to separate the books in this list into loosely-defined categories such as books with a lot of memoir in them or books that contain science and/or math, but that seemed like an excellent way to give myself a huge headache, and it undermines my whole point: that some books do everything they can to resist classification. So I stuck with alphabetizing them by title. You will see my biases in this list: its very memoir- and essay-heavy, as those are the nonfiction forms I read most often. Its also heavy on the literary and philosophical and leans toward the experimental. As with all lists of this sort, its possible to write an alternate, entirely different list thats equally interesting if not more so. That said, what genre-bending nonfiction would you add? 100 Essays I Dont Have Time to Write, Sarah Ruhl 2500 Random Things About Me Too, Matias Viegener About a Mountain, John DAgata The Address Book, by Sophe Calle Against Interpretation, Susan Sontag The Anatomy of Melancholy, Robert Burton The Argonauts, Maggie Nelson At the Existentialist Cafe, Sarah Bakewell The Autobiography of an Unknown Indian, Nirad C. Chaudhuri A Bestiary, Lily Hoang Ban en Banlieue, Bhanu Kapil Between the World and Me, Ta-Nehisi Coates Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, Rebecca West The Blue Jays Dance: A Memoir of Early Motherhood, Louise Erdrich The Body: An Essay, Jenny Boully The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World, Elaine Scarry Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza, Gloria Anzaldúa The Compleat Purge, Trisha Low Confessions of an English Opium-Eater, Thomas De Quincey Dictee, Theresa Hak Kyung Cha Dont Let Me Be Lonely: An American Lyric, Claudia Rankine Encountering God: A Spiritual Journey from Bozeman to Banaras, Diana Eck Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life, Amy Krouse Rosenthal Eros the Bittersweet: An Essay, Anne Carson Every Love Story is a Ghost Story: A Life of David Foster Wallace, D. T. Max The Face: A Time Code, Ruth Ozeki The Fall of Language in the Age of English, Minae Mizumura A Fans Notes, Frederick Exley The Folded Clock: A Diary, Heidi Julavits Footsteps: Adventures of a Romantic Biographer: Richard Holmes The Grey Album: On the Blackness of Blackness, Kevin Young The Hare with the Amber Eyes: A Familys Century of Art and Loss, Edmund de Waal H is for Hawk, Helen Macdonald Heroines, Kate Zambreno A History of Bombing, Sven Lindqvist Hood, Alison Kinney Hotel, Joanna Walsh How to be Black, Baratunde Thurston How to Suppress Womens Writing, Joanna Russ How to Talk About Books You Havent Read, Pierre Bayard In Other Words, Jhumpa Lahiri The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, Olaudah Equiano Is God a Mathematician?, Mario Livio Lab Girl, Hope Jahren The Lifespan of a Fact, John DAgata Little Labors, Rivka Galchen The Lonely City: Adventures in the Art of Being Alone, Olivia Laing The Lost Art of Walking: The History, Science, and Literature of Pedestrianism, Geoff Nicholson Lying: A Metaphorical Memoir, Lauren Slater The Magicians Book: A Skeptics Adventures in Narnia, Laura Miller The Morville Hours: The Story of a Garden, Katherine Swift The Motion of Light Water: Sex and Science Fiction Writing In the East Village, Samuel R. Delany My Emily Dickinson, Susan Howe My Paris, Gail Scott My Poets, Maureen McLane A Natural History of the Senses, Diane Ackerman Negroland: A Memoir, Margo Jefferson The Noble Hustle: Poker, Beef Jerky, and Death, Colson Whitehead Now and at the Hour of Our Death, Susana Moreira Marques The Odd Woman and the City: A Memoir, Vivian Gornick Ongoingness: The End of a Diary, Sarah Manguso Out of Sheer Rage: Wrestling with D.H. Lawrence, by Geoff Dyer The Periodic Table, Primo Levi The Pharmacists Mate, Amy Fusselman The Pillow Book, Sei Shonagon The Possessed: Adventures with Russian Books and the People Who Read Them, Elif Batuman The Quest for Corvo: An Experiment in Biography, A.J.A. Symons Rational Mysticism: Spirituality Meets Science in the Search for Enlightenment, John Horgan Reality Hunger: A Manifesto, David Shields Religio Medici and Urne-Buriall, Thomas Browne The Republic of Imagination: A Life in Books, Azar Nafisi The Rings of Saturn, W.G. Sebald The Rodrigo Chronicles: Conversations about America and Race, Richard Delgado Running in the Family, Michael Ondaatje Self-Portrait in Green, Marie NDiaye The Self Unstable, Elisa Gabbert A Sense of the Mysterious: Science and the Human Spirit, Alan Lightman The Silent Woman: Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes, Janet Malcolm Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers, Mary Roach Stranger on a Train: Daydreaming and Smoking Around America with Interruptions, Jenny Diski Teach Us to Sit Still: A Skeptics Search for Health and Healing, Tim Parks The Temptation to Exist, E.M. Cioran Things I Dont Want to Know: On Writing, Deborah Levy Things Seen, Annie Ernaux Tiger Writing: Art, Culture, and the Interdependent Self, Gish Jen Tristes Tropiques, Claude Lévi-Strauss Unmastered: A Book on Desire Most Difficult to Tell, Katherine Angel Twenty Minutes in Manhattan, Michael Sorkin U and I: A True Story, Nicholson Baker Vanishing Point: Not a Memoir, Ander Monson A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Mary Wollstonecraft A Walk in the Woods: Rediscovering America on the Appalachian Trail, Bill Bryson The Walk: Notes on a Romantic Image, Jeffrey C. Robinson Wanderlust: A History of Walking, Rebecca Solnit What the Bee Knows: Reflections on Myth, Symbol, and Story, P.L. Travers When Women Were Birds: Fifty-Four Variations on Voice, Terry Tempest Williams The Wilder Life: My Adventures in the Lost World of Little House on the Prairie, Wendy McClure The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts, Maxine Hong Kingston The Women, Hilton Als Writing to Save a Life: The Louis Till File, John Edgar Wideman Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, Robert M. Pirsig

Working With The Plcs Group I Am Part Of At Our School

For my CAP project, I am focusing on working with the PLCs group I am part of at our school. Currently I am part of two PLCs, a 5th grade team which consists of 3 teachers, and an upper grade science PLC that consists of 4th-6th grade science teachers. All the teachers that are part of these PLCs are in their first year of teaching, except for me, who has been teaching 5th grade math and science for the past four years. These PLCs meet every other week. Through our PLCs, we have been able to share some great resources, collaborate, as well as address concerns we have as teachers of a dual language school. When I started the CAP project, I asked the teachers from these PLCs fill out a google questionnaire based on questions around†¦show more content†¦My vice principal helped me analyzed my own assessment inventory; we set one of my teacher growth goals based on my inventory results. We also spent time going over the results of what teachers had answered on the survey. The la st time I met with her, we reviewed my teacher growth goal as well as giving me ideas and resources. This has helped us change the structure of our PLCs and focus more on resources as well as student data. I have other people in mind as stakeholders for this project. In my opinion, I think the teachers that were part of this project are also stakeholders. At one of our PLCs we went over the results. Based on this, we had individual conversations as well as discussed ways we wanted to guide our PLCs and set goals. I also told the teachers how I was not an expert and did not have all the answers, but together we would work on getting better around the areas we decided to focus on as a PLC. I have two more stakeholders in mind. One would be our principal. He is a big believer in sending teachers to professional developments and conferences. Last year, he had me go to a PLC conference over the summer because I had shown interest in bring back PLCs to our school. I hope that by showing him our project data and progress, he can think about sending our new teachers to some professional developments or recommend us with other resources. In the past, he has paid forShow MoreRelatedMy Leadership As An Educator960 Words   |  4 Pagesas an educator, I have had different leadership responsibilities such as been the leader of the disciplinary committee, the treasurer of the school, the union representative, and mentor for new teachers. Most of my professional experiences as an educator has been in Puerto Rico. After moving to Florida, I have been teaching in Gateway High School for two years, going into my third. This year, my school administrator decided that, I will be the P rofessional Learning Community (PLC) leader of the UnitedRead MoreMy Current Role As A Pe / Health Teacher894 Words   |  4 PagesThe reading that I felt was the most important for me in both my current role as a PE/Health teacher and in my future role as a possible administrator is â€Å"Moving up from Mediocre.† I am going to explain first, why I feel this reading is important and necessary in my current role as a teacher and second, why I believe this is essential for me if I am going to be a successful administrator. ‘PLC’s offer a guiding framework within which district staff learn together and collaborate to improve the achievementRead MoreAnalysis and Action Plan for Student Learning (AAPSL)1491 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Artifact 1: Analysis and Action Plan for Student Learning (AAPSL) Part A Dana B. 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This collaboration time needs to be between gradeRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Teaching And Teaching817 Words   |  4 Pagesbeautiful professions and as a visionary and cultural leader I know that education transcends time and place, deriving much from both social, cultural context and individual style. I am committed to continuously improve my practices with the desire that my leading example instills in my students and colleagues the passion and enthusiasm for learning and teaching. I am a dedicated, resourceful educational professional who consistently take part in training opportunities designed to strength and improveRead MoreThe Need For Data, Collaboration, Trust And Successful Peer Training1380 Words   |  6 PagesThe Challenge The need for data, collaboration, trust and successful peer training are the most important aspects of developing the program I am going to design. As a first year Department Head of the Fine Arts Department within a large public school, I have been assigned the task of leading this department from a regular grading system to a Standards-Based Grading system. This type of change is what Schlecty (2007) describes as a systematic change. According to Zepeda (2012), this type of changeRead MoreTeaching Public Middle School Music1555 Words   |  7 PagesAs I am now in a place of solaced reflection within my doctoral studies, I often see the transcendence, parallels, and even the unfortunate problems that stem from establishing teacher leadership. Granted, I can go forever and a day about what I observed and the leadership skills I cultivated while teaching public middle school music. However, the chance to view some of the scenarios and transformative events as explained the various texts, articles, and other resources has allowed for differentRead MoreInstructional Leadership. Throughout The Readings, Instructional1535 Words   |  7 Pagesis the positive impact on school culture, shared-decision making process, teacher satisfaction, commitment, empowerment, and efficacy. Furthermore, vision statements and goals focus our attention and lead to a final effort than would otherwise be the case. Following ten years in education, a practice that has changed is moving from school stakeholders working in isolation into more of a collaborative setting. Collaboration is essential since support may entail working through difficult situationsRead MoreTeaching Styles And Materials Used Across The Grade Level1513 Words   |  7 PagesI would describe Forts Pond Elementary as a semi diverse school, trying to move into more of a technology lead curriculum. Most families in the area live below the poverty level. I believe that almost eighty percent of the student body receives free lunch and all students receive free breakfast. There is also very little community participation within the school. When I say diverse, I do not mean that there are a wide mixture of ethnic background students. I mean that the teaching styles and materialsRead MoreThe Leadership Of A Successful Team1643 Words   |  7 Pagescollaboration. It is imperative for school to have educators and staff to work in collaborative teams. The common goal is student achievement. Through respect and partnership the fulfillment can be endless. This year I was invited to be the Positive Behavioral Support Internal Coach for my K-8 school. I accepted and quickly learned that collaboration and organization are key components to a successful team. At first, the focus should be members of the team or group. Asking for volunteer is a great

Steve Jobs The Man Behind Apple Essay - 1612 Words

Steve Jobs pioneered many of the technologies that we all take for granted today. He made the first successful consumer PC and changed the music, movie, and communication industries. However, Steve’s personal life was hidden from the public’s eye. Steve was a very conflicted man, and had trouble running one of the fastest growing companies in the world. Steve was adopted, denied paternity of his own daughter, and his successor was hiding a secret that was recently discovered. Steve Jobs is the man behind Apple, the company which in 2007 shocked the world with the iPhone. I use Apple products on a daily basis because they are simple, powerful and have allowed millions of creators around the world the freedom to create. His products were designed with precision, simplicity and beauty. This craftsmanship has allowed me to push creative work to a higher level. Jobs personal life although was hidden from public view. He denied paternity of his child Lisa, yet he still felt some connection to her. Soon after this he created a computer called the Lisa. When I was younger, I remember having an iMac. I was watching a science show on TV about Mars. After watching the show I was curious and wanted to know more. With the help of my Dad I was able to discover more about Mars on the iMac. I used the computer to create drawings, explore other planets and it captured my imagination in ways that were never before possible. This was my first introduction computers. My Dad used Apple computersShow MoreRelatedSteve Jobs Informative Essays1022 Words   |  5 PagesOutline for Informative Speech Topic: Steve Jobs General Purpose: To Inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the life of Steve Jobs Thesis: Technology would never be the same ever since the arrival of the great Steve Jobs. * Introduction Attention Getter: In 1984 the first cd play or â€Å"Walk-man† was released. The first laptop came out in 1982 and cost a mere $8,150 which comes out to $19,630 today. In 2001 the first smartphone was released. All of these devices since have beenRead MoreSteve Jobs: The Success Story Essay875 Words   |  4 Pagesthat changes everything, and Apple has been †¦ very fortunate; it’s been able to introduce a few of these into the world. â€Å" (â€Å"Steve Jobs introducing the iPhone†) What continued was a loud cheering and clapping by the attendant of the Apple 2007 keynote, one of the most important events held by Apple, the world’s current most valuable company (â€Å"The Worlds Most Valuable Brands†) where Apple introduced the first iPhone. The voice of the man was Steve Job, the former CEO Apple. Born on February 24, 1955Read MoreSteve Paul Jobs And The Legend Behind The Apple Company1190 Words   |  5 Pages â€Æ' Behind the Apple â€Å"Steve Paul Jobs† Who was Steve Paul Jobs? Was Steve Jobs always the Man, the Myth and the Legend behind the Apple Company? What lead Jobs to his dreams, his beliefs, and his fortune? Steve Jobs his fall from Grace to his reinvention of the Apple Company. Steven Paul â€Å"Steve† Jobs was born on February 24, 1955 to a young lady by the name of Joanne Schieble. She had Jobs at the age of twenty-three while attending graduate school. Schieble father didn’t agree with her havingRead MoreSteve Jobs : The Apple Of Igeneration s Eyes1123 Words   |  5 PagesSteve Jobs: The Apple of iGeneration’s Eyes As millions around the world swipe through their iPhones today, not much thought is given to the visionary man who played a pivotal role in the development of this innovative device. Steve Jobs, the man behind the development of iPhone and multiple other devices such as the iPods, iPads etc., was the backbone of Apple Inc. (CNBC Titans: Steve Jobs, 2011). Under his guidance and supervision, Apple Inc. has achieved new heights by re-defining the manner inRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Steve Jobs By Malcolm Gladwell1165 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis- Steve Jobs Given the task of conceptualizing a man who truly changed the realm of technology as we know it today, my mind secludes one person. That person is Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple Computer, now known simply as Apple. For this rhetorical analysis, I will be using three biographies/profiles about Jobs including â€Å"The Real Genius of Steve Jobs† by Malcolm Gladwell with The New Yorker (June 19, 2017), â€Å"Jobs’ Biography; Thoughts on Life, Death, and Apple† from NPR (OctoberRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Steve Jobs1178 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis- Steve Jobs Given the task of conceptualizing a man who truly changed the realm of technology as we know it today, my mind secludes one person. That person is Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple Computer, now known simply as Apple. For this rhetorical analysis, I will be using three biographies/profiles about Jobs including â€Å"The Real Genius of Steve Jobs† by Malcolm Gladwell with The New Yorker (June 19, 2017), â€Å"Jobs’ Biography; Thoughts on Life, Death, and Apple† from NPR (OctoberRead MoreBehind The Apple : Steve Paul Jobs1192 Words   |  5 Pages â€Æ' Behind the Apple â€Å"Steve Paul Jobs† Who was Steve Paul Jobs? Was Steve Jobs always the Man, the Myth and the Legend behind the Apple Company? What lead Jobs to his dreams, his beliefs, and his fortune? Steve Jobs his fall from Grace to his reinvention of the Apple Company. The birth of Steven Paul â€Å"Steve† Jobs took place on February 24, 1955 to a young lady by the name of Joanne Schieble. She had Jobs at the tender age of twenty-three while attending graduate school. 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Luckily, she did not get kidnapped or anything petrifying like that. Hearing her story now, I try to put myself in her shoes and figure out what I would do in that situation. With the technologyRead MoreBill Gates and His Accomplishments1444 Words   |  6 PagesGates is not only the richest man in the world, but some consider him as the most ingenious too. Others see him as a monopolizing, money hungry nerd. William Gates III was born in Seattle, Washington in 1955. When he was thirteen, he wrote his first software program, which enabled him and his friends to play tic-tac-toe. While Gates was attending Harvard, his best friend Paul Allen showed him the newest electronic hardware system in Popular Electronics magazine. A man named Ed Roberts had invented

Ehrenreich skilfully Free Essays

Throughout the book, Ehrenreich skilfully writes about her day-to-day lifestyle and tries to give a detailed account of her life as a minimum wage worker. She is given a new name, instead of Barbara she is now â€Å"Barb,† an alias given by Wal-Mart due to the limited space available on the employee id. It is also a way for Wal-Mart to depersonalize its employees. We will write a custom essay sample on Ehrenreich skilfully or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since she is assigned to ladies wear, she must memorize the entire clothing layout which â€Å"[w]ithin each brand-name area, there are of course dozens of items, even dozens of each kind of item† (Ehrenreich 155). Her experience accurately corresponds with Max Weber’s Iron Cage theory. By constantly giving tedious and menial work, she becomes â€Å"a passionless, coldly calculating, and instrumentally rational actor† (Weber 128). Weber is describing the effects of modernity of the bureaucratic system on individuals. In order to increase the efficiency of a bureaucracy, an organized social stratification system is needed. This helps define the roles for workers by giving them specific positions. That way, both the employers and employees know what roles to play and follow the rules accordingly. Once their roles are established, personality is no longer an asset or liability for the workers. Instead, the emphasis is placed upon the person’s productiveness. I was initially thrilled to read the things Ehrenreich was writing about serving in Florida. I find it hard to fully engage the contempt-ridden position women described in this section are in.   As she progressed up north to Maine I was pleasantly awaiting something better, as the author was herself.   I too believed that the all white New England state would provide a better opportunity for this experiment.   The maid work she was applying for seemed slightly more pleasant and less degrading. As she proceeded on with her experiment, I again grew ominous thinking of the looming omen of a feces ridden toilet or pubic hair ridden Jacuzzi she would come in contact with. The degradation suffered by these consistently well below the poverty line women is enough to turn ones stomach.   And to have to keep a cheery disposition and never curse on the job created even more of a hostile mindset for myself. She described in this chapter a woman working with her with no front teeth.   How terrifying having a job where one relentlessly cleans someone else’s belongings and tries to maintain there comfort with a good smelling house, meanwhile this ladies mouth is filthy and foul smelling (I assume, because of the rotten teeth observation of Ehrenreich) with no prospect of health or dental care anywhere in the near future or even probably her whole life. The co-workers described in the book amazed me.   With the exception of a few nameless angry people, for the most part there was an unusual camaraderie of people of different ethnic backgrounds and age brackets.   It was uplifting that people in such a miserable position were not vengeful, even after she revealed herself as an undercover writer.   I think this drives the point home about human nature and how one cannot help but relate to someone who is willing to relate to them, especially in a helpless position. One of the most unusual relationships I formed with Ehrenreich over the course of the book was over her experiences with the laundry mat.   It has been roughly 6 years since I have owned a washer and drier.   I think she did an excellent job of explaining/conveying the undignified experience of patronizing these places. Another unusual thing she helped me uncover about myself was as her Wal-Mart experience was developing, she mentions the negative person she potentially could have become after a life spent at these dead-end, low compensating, menial positions.   My own personal experience reflects the same exact occurrence.   I notice a change in myself, almost as if I have some undesirable monkey on my back.   A desperate feeling even lingers after the day is over and I am home. Ehrenreich compares many of her low wage work experiences to times that occurred in her normal life. Like, during one of her orientations for a job she compares the long time to a seven hour air-line delay and say that the air-line delay is better because you can read a book or walk around (Ehrenreich 146). These comparisons help readers understand how different the life of a person living in poverty is form a person living in wealth. Sitting through an eight hour orientation for a job that could easily be learned in half the time is something that millions of Americans must do to get a job. Ehrenreich made it hard to â€Å"feel† for low wage workers at some parts in her book because there were times when she completely left her poverty life and spent a couple minutes in her life full of wealth and prosperity. While working in Minnesota, her motel room gets flooded and she is only worried about her laptop that she brought from her home (Ehrenreich 158). I do not think that too many low wage workers that claim to be living in poverty own a laptop, especially if they are currently living in a motel room. She also talks about what to eat for dinner at some point through her journey and says, â€Å"how about the polenta-crushed salmon filet with pesto sauce and a nice glass of J. Lohr Chardonnay?† (Ehrenreich 102). This shows that although she was trying very hard to have the constant mid-set of a middle class, working woman, she still dreamed of the life that she left to explore this so different lifestyle. Nevertheless, although Ehrenreich writes a gripping account on the challenges faced by her fellow employees. She fails to address the viewpoints of the employers thus giving somewhat of a biased view. In spite of this, it is readily visible throughout â€Å"Nickel and Dimed,† that there are mysterious forces at work. Ehrenreich, sheds some little light on the welfare reform issue, but grossly understates (if she mentions it at all) proverbial other side of the picture. Specifically, she does not give the psychology or history of this demographic so much as a second glimpse, before declaring from her ivory tower, that the whole of American society should feel some level of social guilt, indeed collective shame, for existing in a world where there are those less fortunate than the average individual. At the conclusion of my reading I felt anger and relief.   Anger because of the government and richest one percent of this country continually turn a blind eye to this enormous part of the population.   After all of the baffling numbers at the end of the book I was edgy, yet somehow didn’t feel completely defenseless. The mere fact that Ehrenreich began and finished her study was enough to prove that there is hope for improvements in this culture. I was relieved. However, I must say that after reading this book, I really do not have a critically different feelings about low wage workers. Works Cited Ehrenreich, Barbara. Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America. Owl Books; 1st Owl ed., 2002. Weber, Max, H.H. Gerth, C. Wright Mills. From Max Weber : Essays in Sociology. Oxford University Press, USA, 1958. How to cite Ehrenreich skilfully, Essay examples

Managing User Account Essay Example

Managing User Account Essay A successful project a fruitful culmination of efforts by many individuals, some directly involved and others that have quietly encouraged along with their extended support.The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of any task would be incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible and whose constant encouragement and guidance has been a source of inspiration throughout this project. We take this opportunity to express our gratitude to all those who have help us in this project. We are greatly remaining indebted to our Project Incharge Ms. Divya Gupta and Head of CS Department Ms. Manvi Mishra for her valuable suggestions and all round encouragement. Group member:Isha Gupta Tulika Rastogi Priyanshi Verma Shubhi Bhasin ABSTRACT Manage the user account information is basically copying the information from one file to another file . It is basically an application used at a wide level today. It is done to reduce the stress of the human labour of copying the same information again and agiain. It also give a relief to paper work and also reduce the chances of losting the information.It is generally used in big organisations for employees, in banks for opening another account , in schools, medical and many more . We will write a custom essay sample on Managing User Account specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Managing User Account specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Managing User Account specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In this , firstly the user is asked as to information of which file he/she wants to copy. If the name of the file which user gave, exists then the user is asked to give a new name to the file in which the information is copied. The new file is created of that respective name and the information is copied to that file . This procedure is quiet easy and can be done in short time while again entering the information to the new file takes much more time.This applications helps us in many ways as disscussed above . It has one more benefit. The changes or modification done in the new file will not effect the original file information and the original file can be used as reference in future. This document has a wide application in banks, or banking accounts where the information of the current account of any user who is interested in opening the new saving account in that specific bank to ensure the easy accessibility to the customer. This type of document will definitely provide an ease to the customer as well as to the respective organisation by saving the time as well as human efforts.This document also provides a brief description and applications of c language to the user. * 1. 2 Product Scope This product provides the user to copy the details of existing file into a new file of desired name. In this project we have copy the information from one file to another file. By using file handling. This type of program is widely used in banks, institutions, colleges, industries, medical etc to copy the details of user whose details already exist. Benefits 1. It is inherently easy to understand. 2. It will be applicable in each and every field. * 2. SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE REQUIREMENTSoftware Requirement| * Turbo c * Operating Software * Micro Software| Hardware Requirement| * RAM 256MB * Hard Disk 80GB| Table-1 (requirements) START START 5. SOFTWARE DESIGN 5. 1 FLOW CHART DESIGN * ENTER THE FILE NAME IF FILE EXISTS? COPY USER INFORMATION ENTER THE TARGET FILE PASTE THE CONTENT STOP Fig1. 1 (Flow chart to copy a file into another) * 5. 2 Algorithm of the Program 1. Start 2. Enter the file name 3. If file name exist then (a),(b),(c) otherwise repeat step 2. (a)Copy the user information (b)Enter the target file. (c)Paste the content 4. Stop

Interview with a Christian Evangelist

Interview with a Christian Evangelist Free Online Research Papers I chose Christianity as the religion to write about for a couple of reasons. The first reason is because the city in which I am from has a very high concentration of Christian men, woman, and children. The second reason I chose Christianity as my topic is due to the lack of other religious entities where I am from. I researched other religions such as Buddhism, and Hinduism, however I came up short in finding people who follow that type of worship. And although I consider myself a Christian, I find myself to be ill educated in the proper following of that religion. Christianity is the worship of a single God, and the following of God’s son, Jesus Christ. It is the belief of Christians that Jesus died for our sins, and rose from his death to lead us in life. During his life, Jesus was persecuted because of what some say was blasphemy. And as such he was considered an outcast by the Romans, as well as many other cultures. Christianity is also the most followed form of worship in the entire world with an estimated 2 billion followers worldwide. What follows is an interview with an evangelist who is completely dedicated to Christianity, and was willing to share his daily living, and worship rituals with me. Northeast Church of God John Doe Jr., Evangelist Any town, USA United States Interview Summary: How long have you been a Christian? About 10 years dedicated. I was saved or at least came into contact with Salvation at the age of 7. I really started my walk when I was 16 though, and I am 24 now. And it has been a long walk. What prompted you to choose Christianity as your faith? You mean, why did I choose Christianity? Yes. Okthere is a difference. I didnt choose Christianity, but Christ chose me. No one really wants to come to Jesus in a real sense, we just want to make ourselves feel better about all the bad things we do so we make religions to do ceremonies in which makes us feel better about ourselves. But I have a relationship with God and it sometimes isnt comfortable. Just like being married, it has its good times but when you dont do the right thing you get that look, and the conviction of sin, and I hate thatas all men do. The Bible says that no one comes to the father unless he is drawn and that we are enemies of God from birth because we love sin more than Holiness. But true Christianity isnt about feeling good all the time. Forgive me for sounding uneducated, but does the Bible really say that about no one comes to the father unless he is drawn? Yes. John 6:44 says No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him, and I will raise him up at the last day. And it is written: There is no one righteous, not even one; there is no one who understands, no one who seeks God. All have turned away; they have together become worthless; there is no one who does well, not even one. Their throats are open graves; their tongues practice deceit. The poison of vipers is on their lips. Their mouths are full of cursing and bitterness. Their feet are swift to shed blood; ruin and misery mark their ways, and the way of peace they do not know. There is no fear of God before their eyes. Thats Romans 3:10. This is the importance of Hermeneutics. It is the study of how to properly read the bible, to understand it not just at face value but the history and how it fits. People read the bible and take a verse and make it their own when it isnt meant to be that way. This is why there are so many atheists. If Christians would really read and obey the Bible there would be no reason for them to doubt. Everyone says that Jesus is love and goes about sinning openly because He loves and will forgive, but they forget that He will judge every work of man. What was the faith practiced by your mother, and father? Well, none really. My dad claimed Baptist and my mother Christian Science. Neither ever went to church and would make most Baptist’s faint if they ever heard them talk. But, they were good people and sent my Sis and I off to church so they could have some quiet time. An excuse to sleep late, and not cook breakfast. Ok you said you were an evangelist correct? Yeah, sure, title me. I am just a Christian looking for truth and a better me. Not a convenient me, but a better, truly better, me. Christian is good enough for me, I will profile you as you wish to be profiled, I simply thought you had mentioned that you were an evangelist. I honestly am not sure what that entails, so either way is fine by me. An evangelist just talks to people about Jesus and shows them why the Bible is true and why you can believe that Jesus is the only way to Heaven, scientifically and historically and biblically and vs. other belief systems if needed I understand. Ok let me ask you this. How long have you been an evangelist? Like, really going out and talking to people, about a year, but I have been sharing with people since I was 16 or so. You choose. Some people go out and pass out tracts which are what I have been doing for a year now. Before I just talked to people I knew or family and friends, that sort of thing. Ok, why did you, or do you desire to be an evangelist, and preach Christianity to others? Honestly, I hate the idea I find myself scared before I go out and afraid I might get in a fight or laughed at. It takes a lot of courage to tell someone about what God did for them by sending His son to die on a cross for our sins. Most people think they are perfect and dont nee a savior, or that truth is relative. There are arguments and everything. There is no magic formula or word you say that makes one believe. It is all in the Holy Spiritback to the verse that no one comes unless they are drawn by God. People hate me telling them that they have been told a lie and that they might go to hell, that Im judging them. But they fail to see the fact that I believe what the Bible says to be true not on just an experience but on real facts, and that is so hard to do. Actually, it’s impossible. I have never once convinced someone of that fact. God had already prepared their hearts before I even spoke to them, so when the words leave my mouth it is not I who speak but the truth of the word of God speaking. Does that make sense? Yes actually it does make sense to me. Good. I evangelize not for my benefit but because I owe a debt to Christ for all he has done. If a stranger took a bullet for you, wouldnt you feel compelled to do whatever you could to show that person you were grateful? That is why I go, because he asks me to. And so I am compelled not for me but Him. That is why Apostle Paul said so many times that it is the Power if Christ that compels Him, the power of His Death for us compels him. Ok I have to move on to another question or I am going to end up having to write a book. Were you ever chastised because of your faith in God? And if so, how did you handle it? In what way do you mean? Made fun of, or put down basically because you believe in God. Ah. Yes all the time. I chat frequently. Let me think of a good one. This is hard. My most unwelcomed criticism comes from my sternness in my belief that the whole bible is to be practiced. Mostly people who are agnostic who dont believe in God are the hardest. They dont believe in what they cant see and that is the problem. Proving something you cant see touch, taste, and smell or hear. Thats all I can say on that. I just get called an idiot and stuff. But thats about all. I am grateful for that. No fights yet. What do you believe are the defining points of your faith? In other words, what was it that made you say this is the faith for me? Just the fact that the evidence so clearly points to a creator, scientifically, and the other religions just dont line up right. There are too much in view if whats best for Man and not what does God want. What are the important holidays and traditions of this religion? Christmas, Easter, Good Friday etc How has religion shaped your life? It has shaped my life to be more than I thought I could be, given me hope. What are the challenges, if any, to practicing this particular religion? I mentioned that at the beginning of your questions. In comparison to another religion, I would have to say that similar instances occur both in Christianity, and in Judaism. Judaism does not characterize itself as a religion so much as a way of life. Thus, Judaism has also been characterized as a culture or as a civilization. To religious Jews, Jewish people hood is closely tied to their relationship with God, and thus has a strong theological component. This relationship is encapsulated in the notion that Jews are a chosen people. Christianity, on the other hand, is characterized by its claim to universality, which marks a significant break from Jewish identity and thought. Christians believe that Christianity represents the fulfillment of Gods promise to Abraham and the nation of Israel, that Israel would be a blessing to all nations. Jews and Christians seek authority from many of the same basic books, but they conceive of these books in significantly different ways. Traditionally, both Judaism and Christianity believe in the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, for Jews the God of the Tanakh, for Christians the God of the Old Testament, the creator of the universe. Both religions reject the view that God is entirely immanent, and within the world as a physical presence, (although Christians believe in the incarnation of God). Both religions reject the view that God is entirely transcendent, and thus separate from the world, as the pre-Christian Greek Unknown God. Both religions reject atheism on one hand and polytheism on the other. Judaism teaches that the purpose of the Torah is to teach us how to act correctly. Gods existence is a given in Judaism, and not something that most authorities see as a matter of required belief. Much of Christianity also teaches that God wants people to perform good works, but all branches hold that good works alone will not lead to salvation, which is called Legalism. In both religions, ones offenses against the will of God are called sin. These sins can be thoughts, words, or deeds. Both Jews and Christians regard pregnancy as a gift from God, and hold children to be miracles. Differences between Christianity and Islam are noted below. Islam’s do not believe in the Trinity, whereas Christians do. In Islam God has 99 different names, many of them depict His beautiful aspects (jamal), and some of them depict His power, authority and grandeur (jalal). Christians currently emphasize the beautiful aspects of God (i.e. God is Love) The Quran teachings may be summed up as follows: (1) Christ was neither crucified nor killed by the Jews, notwithstanding certain apparent circumstances which produced that illusion in the minds of some of the enemies; and (2) Jesus was taken up to God. Christians believe that Jesus was crucified on a cross. Closing: Christianity is a highly diverse multicultural religion that spans the globe. And although there are many different religions, and many different practices, Christianity seems to be the mainstay of people all over the world. By interviewing an Evangelist, I have not only broadened my insight into Christianity, but I have also further cemented my belief in God, and what he stands for. But not only have I been able to further root myself into Christianity, I have also gained a new and profound respect for people who practice, or worship through other religions. Although I don’t believe in the religion, or religions that they may hold true too, I do have a broader respect for those who choose to take up another means of religion as their daily way of life. Interviewing, and completing this paper has given me more information than I could have ever possibly imagined, and I will use this information for the rest of my life for things that will not only benefit me, but others as wel l. References: http://muslim-canada.org/islam_christianity.html#differences_basic http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_and_Judaism Research Papers on Interview with a Christian EvangelistComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionHip-Hop is ArtInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesCapital PunishmentArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenResearch Process Part One

Definition and Examples of Clitics in English Grammar

Definition and Examples of Clitics in English Grammar In English  morphology and phonology, a clitic is a  word or part of a word that is structurally dependent on a neighboring word (its host) and cannot stand on its own. A clitic is said to be phonologically bound, which means that its pronounced, with very little emphasis, as if it were affixed to an adjacent word.   Clitics are usually weak forms of functional elements such as auxiliaries, determiners, particles, and pronouns. Examples and Observations of Clitics Certain tensed forms of auxiliary verbs have, in addition to their weak forms, clitic versions, which merge phonologically with an adjacent word, their host. Thus, weve is pronounced like weave, and hell like heel, while Im rhymes with time, and so on. . .The clitic forms of am, have, and will consist of a single consonant: /m, v, l/. In the case of are, it is not possible to give a satisfactory representation for the clitic itself, as the host clitic combination may not be phonologically divisible into two corresponding parts. For example, theyre in BrE is usually homophonous with locative there.(Rodney Huddleston and Geoffrey K. Pullum, The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge University Press, 2002) Clitics s and ve One interesting property of clitics that differentiates them from other affixes is that while an affix will be limited to attaching to a stem that is a particular type of lexical category, such as a verb,  a clitic is  not so limited. It can attach to entire phrases or even words with other clitics. Consider the English possessive clitic s and verbal clitic ve  in the following examples (which indicate things that can be said, even if they wouldnt necessarily be captured this way in orthography):- The students assignment- The student of psychologys assignment- The student that we inviteds assignment- The student dressed in reds assignment- The student who went outs assignment- The mens assignments have been done, but the womensve not.(Dani Byrd and Toben H. Mintz,  Discovering Speech, Words, and Mind. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010) Proclitics and Enclitics There are . . . instances where two words are combined without forming a compound in the usual sense. The negative word not and a relatively small number of frequently occurring words (mostly verbs) can be contracted and attached to other words. Usually, they are attached at the end as enclitics: shes (she is or she has), dont (do not). Occasionally they are proclitics: dyou (do you), tis (it is). The combination of both types of clitics appears in tisnt. Although they are not isolated orthographically or in other respects, we can regard these clitics as reduced forms of words.(Sidney Greenbaum, The Oxford English Grammar. Oxford University. Press, 1996) Clitics and Affixes The distinction between clitics and affixes is naturally fluid: e.g. English -nt in havent or arent is a clitic by some criteria but has been claimed as an affix by others. So too is the boundary between clitics and full words: e.g. unstressed to is a clitic, by some relevant criteria, in I have to [haftÉ™] go.(P.H. Matthews, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford University Press, 1997) Controversies With Clitics In  phonology, the prosodic structure of clitics is much debated. Mostly, clitics are prosodically deficient in that they fail to meet prosodic minimality conditions. For instance, unlike prosodic words, clitics need not consist of a full vowel. Moreover, clitics often exhibit different phonological behaviour from other categories... From a morphological point of view, it is questionable whether a distinct morphological category of clitics is linguistically desirable beyond a purely descriptive means. In recent analyses, it has been proposed to accommodate clitics in one of the categories word or affix. The syntactic status of clitics is no less controversial. As for pronominal clitics, one of the main problems is whether they are arguments as proposed by Kayne (1975) and many others, or whether they are functional heads as proposed by, e.g., Sportiche (1996). (Birgit Gerlach and Janet Grijzenhout, Introduction. Clitics in Phonology, Morphology and Syntax. John Benjamins, 2000) EtymologyFrom the Greek, leaning

Paper 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Paper 2 - Coursework Example The Chinese distinguish the time through the use of animals (and one mythical creature), naming years and hours as these animals. The selection of these animals, and the arrangement thereof, came from an old legend from the Chinese dynasty, possibly around the Zhan Guo period. Legend tells of Buddha or the Jade Emperor calling for all animals to a race across a raging river. The rat, thinking smartly, overcame its disability to swim by hopping and free-riding on the strongest animal on the race: the buffalo. Just before the buffalo was to cross the finish line, the rat jumped off ahead of the buffalo and landed first. The tiger, being strong as it is, was the next to arrive. As the rabbit came near to the finish line, hoping his way from stone to stone, it slipped and landed on a floating log, which the rabbit used to float to the finish line. The dragon, which everybody thought would finish the first, came after the rabbit, giving the alibi that it had to help the townspeople and th e rabbit in crossing the finish line. The next to approach the finish line was the horse, but the snake, just like the rat, subtly hid itself on the horse’s hooves.

Audio and Visual Advertising Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Audio and Visual Advertising - Assignment Example 3. The two ways in which there an order of content according to fowler include an appeal to deep that involves running drivers into the minds of consumers(Altstiel, Grow and Altstiel). Further, the information regarding the good or service being sold; its name, manufacturer, picture, packaging, objective attributes, and functions,e.g the reader of a brassier advertisement sees a partially undraped but blandly unperturbed woman standing in an otherwise common place public settling and may experience certain sensation. 4. Henry Murray motivation factors are the ones that enabled Fowles to develop factors that led to many advertisement projects; Murray pinpointed out the susceptible and least quiescent factors that enable advertising. 5. The need for sex in advertising has the effect of reducing brand recall coz it’s too blurring and it tends to obliterate the product information also the need for aggress the reality of life pressure creates strong retaliatory feelings in every functioning human being and the feeling of anger and violence can be exercised in reality propagated by the advert. 6. Humour and celebrity fit into fowlers’ scheme when it comes to appealing to human minds and information packaging. Copy Writers and Copy Writing According to (Fowles) 1. Challenges of copywriting i. It highly deals with planning and coordinating with clients, legal staffers, accounting executives, researchers and art directors. ii. It involves accuracy and dealing with deadlines and tight schedule iii. It involves meeting advertising objectives.

The Adverse Effects Of Pornography Sociology Essay

The Adverse Effects Of Pornography Sociology Essay The long-standing issues on pornography have been present in every generation and have undeniably caused much negative effects on the way people viewed sexuality and their relationships to the opposite sex. As the spread of different kinds of technologies increased further, especially as the use of computers and the Internet became more prominent in the lives of the adolescents, the problems and issues on pornography worsened even more (Ybarra, M. Mitchell, K., 2005). The increase in access of young children and the adolescents to the use of Internet and the viewing of pornographic sites has posed serious threats and harm over the psychological and social development of these people (Mesch, G. S., 2006). Because of pornography, the healthy views of young people on sexuality becomes distorted, making themselves slaves to selfish sexual gratification and losing their respect to themselves and to other people, especially among women. Pornography also paints a distorted picture of the conjugal act which is meant to be sacred and is only legitimized within the context of marriage. Moreover, it destroys the foundation of purity, respect and love which fuels and drives relationships like marriage and family (Fagan, P. 2010). Given this issue on the faster spread of pornography, the issue indeed calls for immediate appropriate actions from both the families and the bigger society. Apparently, there is a need to identify the adverse effects of pornography on an adolescent, how it destroys and distorts his or her healthy view on sexuality as well as the proper use of that sexuality. Moreover, there is also a need to identify the importance for an adolescent to have a healthy sexual attitude and state the repercussions of having such an attitude on the society and the persons he/she deals with (Fagan, P. 2010). Statement of the Problem and Sub-Problems This paper on The Adverse Effects of Pornography on an Adolescents Healthy Sexual Attitude Development aims to disclose the long list of the adverse effects of pornography on the lives of adolescent both males and females aged 12 to 18 years old and identify the means on how pornography is most often accessed by these adolescents. This paper will also attempt to describe and emphasize the importance of having a healthy sexual attitude among the adolescents and how having this kind of right attitude will improve their notion of respect, love and relationships. Specifically, this paper will attempt to identify and address the following problems and sub-problems on pornography: What is pornography? What are the types of materials considered as pornographic? How do adolescents, both males and females aged 12 to 17 years old, access these pornographic materials? Why do these adolescents resort to viewing these pornographic materials? What are the adverse effects of pornography on an adolescent? What is a healthy sexual attitude? How important is having a healthy sexual attitude among adolescents? How do the adverse effects of pornography affect adolescents healthy sexual attitude development? Hypothesis In this research study on The Adverse Effects of Pornography on an Adolescents Healthy Sexual Attitude Development, the following hypotheses will be answered and addressed: Hypothesis1: If the adolescents would be more exposed to pornography, then there is a higher level of adverse effect on their sexual attitude Hypothesis2: If the adolescents carry a negative sexual attitude, then this was most likely triggered by pornography Hypothesis3: If the adolescents would not be exposed to pornography, then the adolescent would have a healthy sexual attitude Hypothesis4: If the adolescents possess a positive sexual attitude, then this was because the adolescent was not exposed to pornography Delimitations The scope of this study will merely involve respondents who are males and females, 12 to 18 years old, and within the adolescent stage. Since the prevalence of this issue or problem is most rampant in this stage of life, the researcher chose to limit the study to identifying the adverse effects of pornography among these young adolescents. This research study will not however cover the adverse effects of pornography on young adults whose access and viewership of pornography is also quite high. The researcher assumes that the level of maturity and freedom to make a choice is what separates the young adults from the adolescents wherein the latter needs more supervision and guidance than the former. The sole focus of this research will also be on how the adverse effects of pornography destroy or distort the sexual attitude development of adolescents and will not include some other repercussions like for instance, the sexual abuses committed by adolescents due to pornography. Definition of Terms 1Adolescent (noun) the process or state of growing up; a period in life characterized by many changes in the biological, emotional and psychological make-up of a person; usually referred to as the period in life between puberty and maturity; a major stage of development in a person life usually occurring between 12 to 18 years old 2Adverse (adjective) a result contrary to ones interest or expectations; something harmful and unfavorable; detrimental 3Casual Sex (noun) doing the sexual act with a person whom one is not committed to; having sex with another person without any plans of going into a long term relationship with that person; an act of fornication 4Conjugal Act (noun) -pertains to the sexual communion of a man and a woman within the bounds of marriage; sexual intercourse by a wife and a husband 5Digital Media (noun) content that was digitized in terms of content, audio and graphics and is transferred to other computer networks or over the internet 6Internet (noun) huge network of computers linked with all the other computer networks around the world; uses various communication protocols to access, send or receive data about almost anything to other computer networks 7Pornography (noun) refers to the magazines, photographs or books and even music or art that is design to stimulate sexual desires and impulses by depicting nudity or forms of sexual intercourse 8Sexuality (noun) refers to how the people experience sexual desires and their capacities to express themselves as sexual beings Assumptions Several underlying assumptions were derived by the researcher out of this research study on The Adverse Effects of Pornography on an Adolescents Healthy Sexual Attitude Development and these are the following: That an adolescents sexual attitude is directly linked to the extent of exposure to pornography an adolescent had That an adolescent who was not exposed to pornography will have a relatively healthier sexual attitude That an adolescent who has a negative sexual attitude has been more exposed to pornography That an adolescent who has a positive sexual attitude has been exposed less to pornography Importance of Study This research study is aimed at exposing the very sensitive issue on pornography out in the open to increase the awareness of adolescents on the adverse effects of viewing pornographies and how this act leads to a complete distortion of their views on relationships and their sexuality. This research study intends to educate and inform both the adolescents, their families and societies on the damage that pornography does to the sexual attitudes of these young people as well as inform them on the specific action steps to be taken in order to immediately address this issue on pornography and totally minimize or prevent them from accessing these materials. III. Data and Treatment of Data A. Data needed and the means for obtaining the data Both qualitative and quantitative data will be derived from this research study. Both data will detail the adverse effects of pornography on the lives of adolescent both males and females aged 12 to 18 years old. Furthermore, the acquired data from these respondents will identify the means on how pornography is most often accessed by these adolescents, why they access pornographic materials and how often they access and view pornographic materials given a certain period of time. Both qualitative and quantitative data for this research study will be obtained via the series of in-depth interviews that will be conducted by the researcher as well the survey questionnaires that will be provided to the chosen respondents. B. Research Methodology Qualitative and quantitative research studies will be conducted for this research study to determine the different and most predominant adverse effects of pornography on adolescents, 12 to 18 years old and how these adverse effects disrupt the healthy sexual development of these adolescents. A substantial amount of 500 respondents, males and females, most high school and college students will be randomly selected from various schools and universities to participate in the study. The qualifications include the demographics assessment as well as the behavioral qualification of having been exposed to pornography either accidentally or willfully for at least three times. Out of the 500 randomly selected respondents, a survey questionnaire will be floated to probe on the habits and day to day activities of these adolescents and how they get to access or view pornography. Then each of the 500 respondents will undergo in-depth interviews via telephone to maintain confidentiality and build trust and comfort with the interviewers as sensitive questions will be asked of them regarding their pornographic viewing and the apparent adverse effects of this act on them. C. Specific treatment of the data for each sub problem Data obtained will then be inputted in the SPSS or the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for a much clearer and accurate data analysis. The measures will be carefully weighed by using this appropriate statistical tool and the measures will as well be analyzed strictly. IV. Qualifications of the researcher and any assistants The researchers and the assistants she will be hiring for this research study will come from various market research agencies who have had previous experience in conducting consumer and respondent interviews and survey data gathering on sensitive issues related to pornography. This is to build the trust, confidentiality and comfort of the respondents in sharing their experiences on pornography. V. Outline of the proposed study (steps to be taken, timeline, etc) After six months of the data gathering procedure and the tabulation of results and findings of the study, information dissemination will commence on the sixth month. This is to inform the beneficiaries of the study of the real adverse effects of pornography among adolescents in order for them to conduct awareness and solution-oriented programs to address this issue. VII. Appendices The appendices part shall include the various tables and graphs collated from the literature reviews and related studies gathered for this research study. II. Review of Related Literature Pornography Definition According to Zillman, D Bryant, J. (1989), pornography has been with the people for the longest time and is possibly as old as the existence of prostitution since the ancient days. In terms of the passing and exchange of sexual information, different cultures vary in their tolerance level. Some cultures embrace pornography more than other conservative cultures. There are some cultures who consider the oppression of sexual behavior and desires a violation of the human rights to freedom while there are other cultures who object violently on the existence of pornography as it causes harmful effects on the minds of the people. Zillman, D Bryant, J. (1989) points out that the development in technologies further aggravated the issue on pornography. During the ancient days, it was found out that only the rich and the privileged few have direct access on drawings and written works which stimulate the sexual impulses of people. But today, videos of all kinds of sexual acts circulating over the internet have already been rampant enough that anyone can freely access them anytime. Not only adults but more and more adolescents are given the freedom to sneak a peek on these sexual videos which poison the minds of the young. In every culture in the world, the depictions of sexual acts on literary works, drawings, music and art have been long before readily accessible and have already been widely circulated. Different forms of sexual depictions are being defined and classified by people as either pornographic or not depending on the cultures interpretations. Nevertheless, experts say that these depictions still create adverse or harmful effects on the pure minds of the young which should never be tolerated (Zillman, D Bryant, J., 1989). According to Hyde, M (1964), pornography is defined as any explicit and clear portrayal of a sexual activity or suggestive sexual objects which are used for the purposes of stimulating sexual desires and heightening the sexual impulses of people. Hyde, M (1964) however stresses that the live portrayal of these sexual activities are not anymore considered pornography since a pornography only shows the depiction and not the actual sexual act itself. The portrayal of these pornographic images are most commonly found magazines, books, photos, paintings, music, videos, or even video games. Given these, the accessibility of pornographic materials are very easy and do not require much of an effort. Nowadays, even children below 5 years old can easily access these materials via the Internet (Hyde, M., 1964). B. Types of Pornographic Materials Since apparently, pornographic materials manifest itself in different forms, it is important to also enumerate in detail the tools or vehicles most often used by people to show pornography. Knowledge of this matter is very important as some people, because of the lack of understanding, accidentally jump on a pornographic page or site and become hooked with it. The purpose of knowing the various types of pornographic materials is important so that people will avoid these sexual materials and not be tempted to view them. 1. Print Pornography In the 1950s, print pornography was quite popular among the Americans as men found it more exciting to view nude women in pornographic books and literatures. During that time, the open and explicit depiction of sexual acts was taboo and people found it improper to use vulgar sexual terms. In the 1960s, still photography of nude women became more popular. Furthermore, people were already open to publicly displaying and buying these pornographic materials. Artists and painters defended their paintings and art works displaying nudity as merely works of art. By 1970s, magazines depicting pornography, homosexual activities and sexual violence became popular as well (Zillman, D Bryant, J., 1989). In the 1990s, print pornography further grew in circulation, became more accessible to both men and women and the taste of people for what is obscene and what is not obscene became less strict and more tolerant. Up until the year 2000, print pornography has already reached the height of popularity of print pornography that sellers and distributors of these books and magazines already became rich by merely selling and circulating these sexual materials. Despite the high awareness of people on the adverse effects of pornography on the society, these distributors and sellers still ignore them as the financial returns to their business are so great that majority of these pornography distributors are already included in the worlds wealthiest and highly-recognized businesses (New York Times, 2000). 2. Novels Pornography Stories and confessions about sexual adventures and the narration of very explicit sexual details also became rampant in novels and magazines since the 1950s. These fictional sex stories, sometimes even accompanied by photographs depicting sexual activities have also caught the eye and interest of the people that pornography became one of the driving factors why novels and magazines have been selling like hotcakes ever since. In a study conducted by five different publishers on rate of sexual content and promiscuity among novels, a big percentage of the stories depicted sexual content with 60% portrayals on kissing and 63% portrayals on sexual act itself (Zillman, D Bryant, J., 1989). 3. Books Pornography In the 1970s, quite a big number of paperback books were discovered to contain sexually implicit content including obvious depictions of sexual activities as well as compilations of literatures containing sexual images. While these may be purchased secretly or under the counter, a great number of these reading materials are still accessible to any person whether young or old. Oftentimes, these sexual literatures even disguise itself in the form of a book but the content is definitely purely sexual. There were also various studies conducted in the past that books and writers were slowly increasing sexual content in their literary works in order to catch the interest of people (Zillman, D Bryant, J., 1989). 4. Magazine Pornography Magazine pornography may undeniably be the most popular form of pornography prior to the Internet age. The legality of selling sexual magazines has long been a subject of debate by several concerned institutions as magazines are very accessible to all age groups. In fact the biggest distributors of sexual depictions on magazines are also the richest corporations of today due to the wide circulation and readership rates of pornographic magazines. Magazines such as the Playboy has also become a household name already since many people, especially men, have experienced buying this magazine at least once in their life. It is not surprising therefore to know that men are the most avid users and buyers of these magazines which show nude women models. In a study conducted in the past, 35% of the magazine contents were contents related to women (Zillman, D Bryant, J., 1989). 5. Internet Pornography According to Singel, R. (2004), the wide accessibility of the internet at home is what led to the popularity of internet pornography. The term internet pornography was according to various researchers, undeniably the worst form of addiction which is now rampant among adolescents. Researchers in a recent Senate Hearing revealed that the pornography in the Internet is now the newest form of drugs to the young people leading to other worse forms of addiction such as fornication, misogyny, boob jobs and various forms of sexual abuses. According to Mary Layden of the University of Pennsylvania, internet porn is possibly the worst form of addiction that distorts both the psychological and sexual health of people, especially the young ones. She referred to internet porn as a drug and the internet as a drug delivery system which remains undetected since people are not known when they engage in it. Also, internet pornography is free and is very much available 24/7 that even young children can access it (Singel, R., 2004). All these types of pornographic materials are needless to say, the best examples of pornography and are easily detected based on their form and content. Any explicit depictions of sexual activities and sexual objects as well as nudity and sexual violence are considered pornographic whatever the media vehicle or tool is used. Forms of Pornography Access According to Ybarra, M. Mitchell, K. (2005), the Internet remains to be the most popular and easiest form of accessing pornography. The fact that Internet is readily available and free increased its prominence and use among the young people especially in accessing various websites on pornography. A growing number of children reportedly have accessed pornography either accidentally or willfully as some of their friends did and the negative repercussions of this among children and adolescents are uncontrollable and definitely controversial. Vast number of studies related to pornography has already been conducted over the past years. Apparently, the results reflected that the Internet is the most popular form of accessing porn among adolescents. In the United States alone, 90% of adolescents aged 12 to 18 have Internet access at home and a vast majority of them have either visited a pornographic website accidentally or intentionally at least once in their adolescent life. Studies revealed as well that since the pornographic websites are free and the readers/viewers remain undetected or anonymous, adolescents became fond of accessing these websites (Ybarra, M. Mitchell, K., 2005). What was quite alarming though was the growing number of adolescents accessing porn websites in the Internet purposefully. 15% of these adolescents have even resorted to lying about their age in order to gain access to these websites. On the other hand, it was also interesting to know that about the same percentage as the adolescent porn viewers are also adult male viewers of pornography. Moreover, the studies revealed that the reasons why accessing pornography over the Internet was the most popular, were anonymity, unlimited access and the less strict requirements of getting in to a website. Nevertheless, aside from the Internet, other forms of pornography access are also popular among the adolescents. Some of these are via watching pornographic movies or videos and reading x-rated books and magazines (Ybarra, M. Mitchell, K., 2005). D. Why Adolescents View Pornography According to Batty (2004), recent researchers showed that majority of the adolescents of today have already come into contact with pornography in the Internet. Surprisingly, 57% of the youth today aged 12 to 18 years old have already seen or accessed pornographic sites online either accidentally or purposefully. Most parents are not aware of this shocking reality that even young children at the age of 10 have also reportedly sought pornography over the Internet because of several reasons and one of which is curiosity. Apparently, sexual issues and encounters relating to sexuality are still not being comfortably opened up within the family. Sex is still a taboo topic for many families that their children seek guidance and direction from their friends rather than their parents when it comes to this matter. This leads these children to wrong notions of sex and the wrong use of their sexuality because of the lack of proper guidance and knowledge. Studies also revealed that 1/3 of the adolescents today have had nasty sexual comments from other people which led them to become curious about sexual matters (Batty, 2004). Furthermore, the lack of proper guidance and education about sexuality issues from the adolescents parents and the lack of time spent at home by the parents is most likely the root cause of all these pornography-seeking acts committed by adolescents as the studies revealed (Batty, 2004). E. The Adverse Effects of Pornography to an Adolescent According to Fagan (2010), pornography poisons the mind by presenting a false and distorted view of the reality specifically about love, life and relationships, and even women. People become self-seeking and abusive as they desire more to quench their burning sexual desires in the most unnatural ways. Aside from this direct effect, there is still quite a long list of adverse effects that pornography causes on the life of an adolescent and some of these are the following: Distorted notion or perception on sex- pornography paints a distorted image of sex as harsh yet fun forms of recreational activities presenting women as mere sexual objects. It also perpetuates the notion that any kind of sexual activity is permissible and that sex has no negative consequences on the part of the people involved in the activity. Negative notion that women are mere sex object- exposures to pornography can very much lead the adolescents to thinking that women are not meant to be respected and that they are meant to be used for sexual purposes only. Moreover, sexual violence which are usually contained in pornographic films, suggest that women enjoy and want to be raped and that the act of rape is also permissible Sexual addiction- pornography increases the likelihood of the adolescents committing pre-marital sex and any other kind of sexual activity which can lead to teen pregnancy and the spread of sexual diseases Abuse and other forms of aggression- pornography paints a distorted picture of sexual enjoyment in the form of abuse whether that is sadism or masochism. This leads adolescents to think that sexually abusing someone is permissible and fun when in fact it is a form of sexual disorder Produces many sex offenders- pornography poisons the mind and creates an abnormal sexual disorder or desire in a persons mind leading that person to sexually abuse other people such as women and children Imitation of sexual behaviors- pornography leads adolescents to imitate what the sexual characters in the porn are doing whether that is good or bad. It increases the desire of adolescents to have sex even at the improper time Sexual trauma- while many pornography viewers find porn to be sexually stimulating, some adolescents find the sexual act depictions disturbing and fearful leading them to get traumatized and paranoid about sex which is also unhealthy Acceptance of Promiscuity- pornographic viewers also become desensitized when it comes to sexual issues and promiscuity. Slowly, they become more open and tolerant to sexual behaviors even on public Destroyed relationships with the opposite sex due to wrong perceptions on sex- pornography paints a picture that sexual desires and gratification are more exciting than having relationships. Hence, the adolescents might be led to thinking that forming relationships are merely means to an end of gaining selfish sexual satisfaction (Standing Together to Oppose Pornography, 2005). F. What it means to have a Healthy Sexual Attitude among the Adolescents Proper communication and guidance about the sexuality and other sexual issues are the sole responsibility of parents to their adolescent child. Naturally, the topic on sex and sexuality is quite embarrassing to be opened by a son or daughter to their parents. Nonetheless, without the proper channeling of these important information, a child would be led astray to seeking out the advice of his or friends who know nothing about sexuality as well (Avert, 2010). Having a sexual attitude simply means having a positive and mature view of sex and the reason why it was created as well as its main role or function. Certainly, sex is meant for procreation purposes as well as maintenance of the bond or intimacy between a husband and a wife. The healthy view of sex states that outside the commitment walls of marriage, sex would definitely lead to negative repercussions (Avert, 2010). As experienced by many adolescents or teenagers nowadays, sex outside of marriage has led them to become abusive, selfish and discontented. Some of them fell into the trap of teenage pregnancy and sexual addiction which destroyed their lives and their future. It is therefore important for these adolescents to be properly oriented about sex and sexuality at the right time by the right people, who are their parents. The parents are responsible for educating their children on what sex and sexuality is for, how to properly use them. The parents are also responsible to educate their children on the right time to use their sexuality, that is, within the bounds of marriage (Avert, 2010). It is also important that the parents are aware of their role on educating their children. Most of the time, parents do not stay long anymore at home and spend less and lesser time with their children leading these children to seek companionship and advice from other people who also are not capable of properly orienting them of this sensitive issue. Parents should also know that having a healthy sexual attitude among their children would save them from a lot of trouble and wrong decisions which could ultimately destroy their lives. In the same way, the adolescents must seek their parents advice on their sexuality because it is only their parents who can give them the best advice on this matter (Avert, 2010). How The Adverse Effects of Pornography Affect the Adolescents Healthy Sexual Attitude Development Pornography undeniably poisons the young minds of the adolescents leading them to think that sex is fun and exciting with no resulting responsibilities and consequences. According to S.T.O.P or the Standing Together to Oppose Pornography (2005), pornography destroys not only the healthy sexual attitude development of adolescents but also, and more importantly, their lives as a whole. This is because when an adolescent already becomes hooked and addicted to false sex imageries, it pollutes their mind leading them to make the wrong decisions which could range from anything related to sexually abusing a child or the opposite sex, i.e., committing rape and other abusive sexual acts just to satisfy their sexual desires. It could also lead the adolescents to degrade women and objectify them leading them to consider women as mere sexual objects intended for sexual pleasure. Because of this, these adolescents may just jump into relationships only to sexually gratify themselves and afterwards hurt women or worse, sexually offend women either in private or in public. Since pornography also paints a picture that sex is fun and good, adolescents are most likely to abuse it causing them to do other vices like drinking alcohol and taking drugs just to engage in all types of sexual activities like orgies and debauchery limitlessly (Fagan, 2010). Moreover, pornography teaches adolescents to be sexually violent to women in bed. It teaches them to become sadistic and masochistic which increases the likelihood of sexual abuses and other forms of sexual aggression inside and outside of bed. By filling their minds with all kinds of distorted sexual images, the adolescents are leading themselves to enslavement to their sexual desires and make them lose control of themselves, making themselves no longer capable of distinguishing what is wrong and what is right. Pornography leads them to destroy themselves and their future since every wrong decision that they commit may actually cause their future to crumble down once. Clearly, there is an immediate need to address this long-standing issue and prevent it from destroying the lives of these adolescents (Fagan, 2010).

Film Comment Essay

â€Å"Just too many ideas. I wanted all these characters, they all meant something to me, but I wanted them to weave together in some way; I wanted it to feel unified in the investigation† (Russell qtd. in Smith 4). These are the words of David O. Russell, writer-director of the movie I Heart Huckabees, when asked by Film Comment editor Gavin Smith about the most difficult dilemma in the film. From this reply, he was very much aware of the limitations of his movie, and is honest about it. The movie is not your usual movie-date fare. Yes, it is a comedy. Yes, it does have an all-star cast. However, this comedy is an existential one, a film that tries to discuss the profound questions of existence with humor. The movie’s protagonist is Albert (Jason Schwartzman), who seeks the help of â€Å"existential investigators† Vivian and Bernard Jaffe (portrayed by Lily Tomlin and Dustin Hoffman) when he is disturbed by repetitive, coincidental encounters with a Sudanese orphan. The couple starts to work on Albert; Vivian delves into his everyday activities, while Bernard tries to help him understand the interconnectivity of things. Then there is Tommy (Mark Wahlberg), the â€Å"other† to Schwartzman’s Albert. Meanwhile, the Jaffes find a predicament in Caterine Vaubert (Isabelle Huppert), who uses her charms to brainwash Albert and Tommy with her nihilistic ideals. The movie should be praised for having a profound and serious theme successfully conveyed in such a humorous light. Nonetheless, this is the very reason that hinders the movie to exert much influence on its viewers. It is too preoccupied with being existentialist that the characters seemed to be two-dimensional for its audience. The film is too caught up with its philosophical leanings that the characters alienates them moviegoers, even if Russell did draw inspiration from people in real life. When asked about Brad, one of the characters, Russell replied, â€Å"†¦your good intentions are staying in there, but you’re really compromising away half of them† (Russell qtd. in Smith 5). Too bad that also applies to the entire movie. Works Cited Smith, Gavin. â€Å"Hearts and Minds. † Film Comment Sept. -Oct. 2004:1-5.

How Sibi Reflects the Values Shown in Hinduism - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 984 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/07/29 Category Religion Essay Level High school Tags: Hinduism Essay Did you like this example? Tony Robbins once said that â€Å"only those who have learned the power of sincere and selfless contribution experience life’s deepest joy: true fulfillment†. True fulfillment is a state of being that everyone craves, something that makes them feel complete and truly at peace. Hinduism, a major religion and the one represented in the Mahabharata, focuses on four steps to achieve self fulfillment. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Sibi Reflects the Values Shown in Hinduism" essay for you Create order This quote can represent a myriad of figures in different cultures, but one figure in particular is King Sibi from the Indian epic Mahabharata. He demonstrates true sincereness and selflessness through his actions in the text â€Å"Sibi†. â€Å"Sibi† from the Mahabharata reflects the values of Hinduism through the act of selflessness and keeping one’s word. Being selfless is what is being taught consistently in â€Å"Sibi†. The definition of selflessness is to have â€Å"concern more with the needs and wishes of others than with ones own†, according to the Oxford Dictionary. In the text, Sibi is willing to do whatever it takes to make everyone happy, since he believes that it is his duty to do so as king. When Sibi protects the dove from the hawk, the hawk mistakes it for Sibi wanting to keep the dove all to himself. â€Å"‘I am not so simple-minded,’ said the bird haughtily. ‘By selfish I meant that you were thinking of your own feelings, totally ignoring my viewpoint’† (Narayan 195). What the hawk claims is exactly the opposite of what Sibi’s goal is. Sibi believes that his role as a ruler is to be selfless and make everyone in his kingdom as happy as possible. In Hinduism, being completely and truly selfless is something that many people wish to become, as it helps them achieve th eir ultimate goal in life- enlightenment, joy in life, prosperity, and being virtuous. In other words, Sibi’s actions not only in this text but in his life help him achieve moksha, artha, kama, and dharma- the four essential goals of Hindu life. In order to achieve dharma, artha, kama, and moksha, Sibi chooses to make his subjects feel comfortable and is willing to sacrifice anything for merely one being. â€Å"But, bird, tell me how is it that you fail to notice the sheer duty I owe a creature that cries for protection? As a king is it not my duty?† Although Sibi is a prospering king who can do whatever he wishes, he chooses to put his people first no matter what situation is taking place. Even by just putting his subjects’ needs before his, Sibi achieves dharma and artha. He achieves dharma because he makes the most ethical choices and strives to act morally. Sibi achieves artha because yes, he is already prospering from his wealth as king, but he does not step out of the boundaries of dharma to chase wealth. Sibi is more than content with what he has and is willing to share his prosperity with anyone. Keeping one’s word is a major value in Hinduism. It is looked upon as shameful when one cannot keep their promises, which is part of the reason why Sibi insisted on keeping his word of protecting his subjects. â€Å"‘One has no right to end one’s life, but this is unforeseen. Even if this means hell to me, I have to face it.’ he said† (Narayan 198). Sibi realizes that his cut out legs are not enough to balance the scales, so he goes onto the scale himself, ultimately giving up his perfect life all for his subjects and for the sake of keeping his word. When the scales balance out, Sibi learns that all lives are of equal worth, and it does not matter who or what it is. However, his sacrifice ends up being the greatest day of his life. Sibi is rewarded for his actions and integrity by two gods: Indra and the God of Fire. â€Å"They said, ‘O king, we put you to a severe test. We challenged your integrity; and we happily accept defeat. You are inde ed blessed, and as long as humans recollect your tale, they will partake of the spiritual merit that you have acquired’- and vanished† (Narayan 199). Sibi’s test is grueling and disturbing, but he succeeds out of perseverance and the goodness of his heart. His reward is flowers and touchable gifts, but the most important gift is the promise from the gods that Sibi’s story would be passed down for generations to come. Sibi keeping his word ultimately helps him find peace with himself. This ties back to the four essential goals for Hinduism. Sibi already achieves dharma and artha, and after the ordeal as a whole, Sibi achieves kama and moksha. He experiences moksha after almost sacrificing himself for the greater good of his kingdom. Sibi learns more about being a better ruler through this event. Putting his own people before anything else is instrumental to the enlightenment of Sibi. He also achieves kama when he is rewarded with the fact that his story will be passed down for generations to teach everyone the exact same things that Sibi learns. Sibi succeeds in achieving all four goals of Hinduism. The values of selflessness and keeping one’s word in Hinduism is reflected in the text â€Å"Sibi† from the Mahabharata. Selflessness is shown when King Sibi puts his subject’s needs before his own by trying to save both the dove and the hawk’s life. When Sibi attempts to do this, dharma and artha are achieved. Sibi keeps his word when he vows to protect the dove that has taken shelter in Sibi. Sibi is willing to sacrifice his life to keep his word, and finds peace within himself afterwards. He achieves the final two goals of Hinduism: moksha and kama. Sibi became the model of Hinduism and achievement for generations to come, paving the way for future leaders today in present times.